Journal APS Oct 2017

B lackberry

217

Table 3. Study 1: 2005 fruit quality attributes including soluble solids content (SSC), pH, and titratable acidity (TA) of nine blackberry cultivars, 2005, cultivar trial, McNeill, MS. Harvest Dates N Fruit Weight z SSC pH TA (g) (°Brix) 1 June 2005 27 5.6 ab y 9.02 c 3.26 b 13.68 c 6 June 2005 29 5.8 a 9.69 b 3.28 b 18.49 a 10 June 2005 29 5.1 bc 9.19 c 3.26 b 17.48 ab 14, 17, 22, 28 June 2005 11 4.8 c 11.23 a 3.42 a 15.75 bc

Cultivar Kiowa

15 14

8.4 a 6.9 b

12.42 a

3.50 a 3.13 e

20.15 a 14.62 c 16.04 bc 15.22 c 14.08 c 14.48 c

Chickasaw

9.71 c

Apache Shawnee

5

6.2 bc 5.7 cd 4.8 de 4.8 e 4.0 ef

10.76 b

3.42 ab 3.29 cd 3.25 d 3.30 cd

15

8.81 de

Sweetie Pie Rosborough

6

8.75 e 7.78 f

15

Navaho Choctaw Arapaho

6

12.38 a

3.32 bcd 19.08 ab

13

3.4 f 2.3 g

9.92 c

3.13 e

18.42 ab 16.04 bc

7

9.53 cd

3.38 bc

z Average fruit weight of 10 berries. y Means within a column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly; Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD), α = 0.05.

with five replications of two plants of each cultivar spaced 1.2 m apart. The plants received standard recommended cultural practices for blackberries including training onto a two-wire trellis, pre-and post- harvest herbicide applications, fertilization in the spring, removal of floricanes after harvest, and drip irrigation of 2-4 cm during the growing season as needed depending upon

rainfall. Insecticides were utilized to control the spotted-wing Drosophila ( Drosophila suzukii ) during fruit ripening; however, no fungicides were applied. Data were collected in 2011-2013 for season of bloom and ripening, and subjective ratings were made on plant and fruit traits including crop, fruit firmness, flavor, and plant vigor (0 = poor, 10 = excellent). In 2012 yield and fruit quality

Table 4. Study 2: plant and fruit characteristics of four thornless blackberry cultivars at McNeill, Mississippi, 2011-2013. 50% Bloom 50% Ripe Cultivar Date Date Crop z Size z Firmness z Flavor z Vigor z (Mean) (Mean) Sweetie Pie 5/01 6/14 8.2 b y 8.1 a 7.3 a 8.2 a 7.4 b Apache 5/04 6/15 6.3 c 7.0 b 7.4 a 7.2 b 7.5 b Arapaho 4/24 6/09 6.5 bc 6.7 b 7.6 a 7.5 b 7.1 b Ouachita 4/27 6/12 7.7 a 8.1 a 7.7 a 7.4 b 8.2 a z Ratings are based on subjective scores ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 being very poor and 10 being excellent. A value of 6 to 7 is considered to be the minimum acceptable rating for a commercial cultivar. y Means followed by different letters within the same row are significantly different as determined by least significant difference test at P <0.05.