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B lueberry and B lackberry

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Table 6. Fruit weight (g) of blackberry cultivars at Mountain Grove, MO, 2011-2016. Table 6. Fruit weight (g) of blackberry cultivars at Mountain Grove, MO, 2011-2016.

2011-16

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Cultivar Apache Arapaho Chester

mean

7.15 bc 4.83 de 5.19 cde 7.23 abc 8.73 ab 5.90 cde 9.30 a 4.44 de 7.09 bc 5.87 cde 6.10 cd 4.79 de 6.35 cd 7.25 abc

6.30 bcd 5.04 cde 5.06 cde 6.78 bc 9.09 a 4.48 de 7.13 ab 4.28 e 5.45 bcde 5.20 bcde 6.18 bcde 4.81 cde 4.99 cde

7.14 b 3.65 e

6.65 bc 4.67 cdef 4.41 def 5.57 cdef

8.49 abc 5.42 de 5.06 de 5.59 cde 4.82 de 8.78 ab 4.38 de 5.36 de 5.51 cde 7.07 abcd

7.82 ab

7.26 4.73 4.98 6.29 9.67 4.75 7.88 4.41 5.50 5.31 6.16 4.60 4.47 6.94 5.92

4.76 bcde 5.42 bcde 6.42 abcd 4.53 bcde 7.23 abc 4.81 bcde 5.20 bcde 4.83 bcde 6.51 abcd 4.40 bcde 3.94 cde 7.04 abc

4.76 cde 6.17 bcd 9.81 a 4.57 de 6.82 bc 4.86 cde 4.20 de 4.86 cde 5.20 bcde

Chickasaw

Kiowa

10.09 a

10.02 a

10.28 a

Loch Ness

4.19 def

Natchez Navaho

8.00 b 3.71 f

Osage

5.72 cdef 5.58 cdef 5.89 cde 4.82 cdef 3.97 ef 6.57 bc

Ouachita

Prime-Ark 45

Prime-Jim Prime-Jan

3.80 e 3.62 e 7.07 b

4.96 de 3.94 e

Triple Crown

6.64 bc

7.06 abcd

Mean

6.44

5.82

5.47

5.70

6.18

5.94

z Means in a column not followed by a common letter are significantly different by Tukey-Kramer HSD, P ≤ 0.05.

yielding cultivars. Additionally, the thorny cultivars ‘Chickasaw’, ‘Kiowa’, ‘Prime-Ark 45’, ‘Prime-Jim’, and ‘Prime-Jan’ would likely not be considered by home or market growers in Missouri considering the better yielding thornless cultivars.  Fruit weight was highest for ‘Kiowa’ at 9.7 g, one of the high yielding, thorny cultivars that would likely not be considered by home or market growers (2011-2016) (Table 6). ‘Apache’, ‘Natchez’, and ‘Triple Crown’ had the next highest fruit weight average of 7.4 g (2011-2016). Fruit weight averages of the remaining cultivars were 4 to 6 g. Larger fruit size is always appealing to both picker and consumer, so this could be a determining factor in cultivar selection assuming that yield is reasonably good. ‘Apache’, ‘Natchez’, and ‘Triple Crown’ fall into this latter category. Literature Cited Asplen, M. K., G. Anfora, A. Biondi, D.S. Choi, D. Chu, K.M. Daane, P. Gibert, A.P. Gutierrez, K.A. Hoelmer, W.D. Hutchison, R.Isaacs, Z. Jiang, Z. Kárpá, M.T. Kimura, M. Pascual, C.R. Philips, C. Plantamp, L. Ponti, Gábor Vétek, H. Vogt, V.M. Walton, Y. Yu, L. Zappalà, and N. Desneux. 2015. Invasion biology of spotted wing Drosophila ( Drosophila suzukii ): a global perspective and future priorities. J. Pest Sci. 88:469-494. Clark, J.R. 1999. The blackberry breeding program at the University of Arkansas: Thirty-plus years of progress and developments for the future. Acta Hort. 505:73-77.

Clark, J.R. 2005. Changing Times for Eastern United States Blackberries. HortTechnology 15(3):491-494. Clark. J.R. and C.E. Finn. 2011. Blackberry breeding and genetics. Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnol. pp. 27-43. Dale, A. and J.F. Hancock. 2005. Highbush blueberry cultivar trial in Ontario, Canada. International. J. Fruit Science 5:73-76. Hancock, J.F. 1989a. Blueberry Research in North America. Acta Hort. 241:19-30. Hancock, J.F. 1989b. Why is ‘Elliott’ so productive? A comparison of yield components in 6 highbush blueberry cultivars. Fruit Var. J. 43:106-109. Hancock, J.F., B.L. Goulart, J.J. Luby and M.P. Pritts. 1997. The strawberry matted row: Practical cropping system or dated anachronism? Adv. Strawberry Res. 16:1-4. Hancock, J.F. 2006a. Highbush blueberry breeders. HortScience 41:20-21. Hancock, J. 2006b. Northern highbush blueberry breeding. Acta Hort. 715:37-40. Hancock, J.F. 2009. Highbush blueberry breeding. Latvian J. Agron. 12:35-38. Hanson, E.J. and J.F. Hancock. 1990. Highbush blueberry cultivars and production trends. Fruit Var. J. 44:77-81. Kaps, M.L., P.L. Byers, and M.B. Odneal. 2010. Productivity comparison of fourteen highbush blueberry cultivars in Missouri, 2000-2008. J Amer. Pom. Soc. 64:218-225. Moore, J.N. 1993. Blueberry cultivars of North America. HortTechnology 3:370-374. Retamales, J.B. and J.F. Hancock. 2012. Blueberries, Crop Production Science in Horticulture 21. CABI. Cambridge, MA pp.323. Strik, B.C., J.R. Clark, C.E. Finn and M.P. Bañados. 2007. Worldwide Blackberry Production. HortTechnology 17(2):205-213.

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